渊深而鱼生之，山深而兽往之，人富而仁义附焉。
释义Explanation
这句话以自然现象比喻社会规律：水深才能滋养鱼类，山深才能吸引野兽，人富裕后才能承载仁义道德。它并非主张财富本身等同于道德，而是强调一定的物质基础是道德得以推行的重要条件，反映了司马迁对经济基础与上层建筑关系的朴素洞察。
This saying uses natural analogies to illustrate social laws: deep waters nourish fish, deep mountains attract beasts, and wealth enables benevolence and righteousness. It does not equate wealth with morality, but emphasizes that a material foundation is crucial for moral development, revealing Sima Qian's insight into the relationship between economic base and superstructure.
使用场景Usage
在讨论企业社会责任时，可引用此句论证：企业先要有稳定盈利能力，才能更好地履行慈善、环保等责任。它提醒人们，不应空洞地要求道德，而需先夯实经济根基，让仁义自然附丽。
In discussions on corporate social responsibility, this quote can argue that a company must first be profitable to effectively fulfill duties like charity and environmental protection. It reminds us not to demand morality in vain without first solidifying the economic foundation, allowing benevolence to naturally attach.